HiGee Chemical Separation Engineering 超重力分离工程

HiGee Chemical Separation Engineering is one of the books in Chemical Industry Press’s Chemical Process Intensification series. The book introduces the basic concepts and technical terms of highgravity (HiGee) separation technology and in a systematic way analyzes and expounds the differences between centrifugal separation technology and high-gravity separation technology. This book takes the “problem elicitation–theory–principle–key technology–application case” as the main theme and details the operation and technical contents of high-gravity chemical separation, such as absorption, desorption, distillation, extraction, and adsorption. Significantly, the book also highlights academic innovation and illustrative examples that are closely combined with practical production.

《超重力分离工程》介绍了以强化传质分离过程速率为目的的超重力分离技术，通过科学构建流体流动、尺度、形态、接触方式等，极大地提高了传质分离效率，呈现出设备体积大幅度减小、分离效率提高、成本降低的优势，开辟了强化传质分离效率、降低能耗的新途径。本书深度总结了超重力分离工程研究的最新成果和工程化案例，系统论述了超重力分离过程的原理、方法、关键技术和工程应用，全书按单元操作分为8章，包括吸收、解吸、精馏、液液萃取、液膜分离、吸附、气固分离等。每章以"问题引出、强化原理、关键技术及特性、工程应用"为主线，突出学术创新理论，注重工程应用推广。
《超重力分离工程》是多项国家和省部级成果的系统总结，提供了大量基础研究和工程应用数据，可供化工、材料、环境、制药、食品等领域科研人员、工程技术人员、生产管理人员以及高等院校相关专业师生参考。

1.本书为国家出版基金、十三五重点出版物出版规划项目“化工过程强化关键技术丛书”中《超重力分离工程》分册的英文版本，由化学工业出版社与Elsevier合作出版。 2.每章以“问题引出、强化原理、关键技术及特性、工程应用”为主线，突出学术创新理论，注重工程应用推广。 3.本书是多项国家和省部级成果的系统总结，提供了大量基础研究和工程应用数据，可供化工、材料、环境、制药、食品等领域科研人员、工程技术人员、生产管理人员以及高等院校相关专业师生参考。

Separation is of paramount importance in process industries such as chemical, oil refining, pharmaceutical, food, energy, metallurgic, and material industries. However, it is currently an energy-intensive process, and the investment and operating costs account for a significant proportion of the total cost. A high separation efficiency is essential to reduce energy consumption and waste production, undesired components should be sufficiently separated from the mixture to improve the product quality. Mass transfer separation is the main separation method in chemical industry because of its various advantages such as high separation efficiency, capacity and stability, but currently, available equipment for separation is not as good as expected because of the low mass transfer rate, large size, and high investment and operating cost caused by low turbulence intensity, low flow velocity, and small specific surface area. A common solution to these problems is to change the flow behavior of fluid and increase interphase mass transfer rate. To this end, it is important to understand how the flow pattern, state, scale, surface area, and renewing affect mass transfer rate.
In high-gravity separation, liquid is dispersed into micro/nanoscale films, filaments, and droplets with a large specific surface area as it flows through high-speed rotating packings. These liquid elements collide with each other and form larger droplets to be dispersed again. The repeated dispersion-coagulation process of the liquid in packings leads to a larger interfacial area and more rapid renewal of the surface for mass transfer. Therefore the mass transfer rate is greatly improved. In recent years, high-gravity separation has received considerable interest from both academics and practitioners, and a number of innovative technologies have been developed for distillation, absorption, desorption, adsorption, capture of fine particulate matter, and other chemical separation processes. Some processes have been successfully scaled up from laboratory to field applications. Based on our experience over the past years, we believe that high-gravity separation is a promising technology that can meet the demand for low-carbon development, energy saving and pollution reduction, and sustainable development because of its numerous advantages such as high separation efficiency and rate, small equipment size, low cost, high safety, and low energy consumption. Until now, there has been no book published on high-gravity separation. This book may provide readers with an exhaustive overview of high-gravity separation technologies and their applications.
In this book, we have reviewed recent progresses in high-gravity separation technologies, especially the differences between centrifugal separation and high-gravity separation. Each chapter is organized following the order of theory, principle, key technology, and application. We first highlight the importance of high-gravity intensification of separation and then introduce the theory, principle, and characteristics of key technologies and related equipment. Finally, several typical application examples are presented to demonstrate the technological, economic, and environmental advantages of high-gravity separation. This book may have some academic and practical contributions to chemical separation processes.
This book is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People抯 Republic of China, the Ministry of Education of the People抯 Republic of China, Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department, Shanxi Provincial Education Department, Shanxi Development and Reform Commission, Shanxi Provincial Finance Department, and various enterprises, research institutes, and designing institutes, to which we are very grateful. We are solely responsible for any errors in this book, and any comments and suggestions from readers of this book would be very much appreciated.

Youzhi Liu

1. Introduction1
1.1 Overview1
1.2 Operating principles and unit operations of high-gravity separation7
1.3 Equipment for high-gravity separation12
References22

2. Absorption23
2.1 Overview23
2.2 Principles of high-gravity absorption24
2.3 Key techniques and challenges31
2.4 Application examples33
2.5 Future perspectives72
References72

3. Desorption75
3.1 Intensification of heat and mass transfer in thermal desorption by high gravity76
3.2 Key technologies80
3.3 Application examples82
References99

4. Distillation101
4.1 Overview101
4.2 Principles of high-gravity distillation103
4.3 Key technologies104
4.4 Characteristics of high-gravity distillation111
4.5 Application examples146
4.6 Prospects153
References154

5. Liquid-liquid extraction159
5.1 Overview159
5.2 Mechanism of process intensification in the impinging stream-rotating packed bed165
5.3 Extraction operation in the impinging stream-rotating packed bed180
5.4 Application examples186
5.5 Prospects204
References204

6. Liquid membrane separation207
6.1 Overview207
6.2 Mechanism of intensification of liquid membrane preparation and separation by impinging stream-rotating packed bed209
6.3 Key technologies of emulsion liquid membrane separation in the impinging stream-rotating packed bed216
6.4 Application examples221
6.5 Prospects238
References239

7. Adsorption243
7.1 Overview243
7.2 Adsorption and separation technologies245
7.3 High-gravity adsorption259
7.4 Application examples264
References280

8. Gas-solid separation283
8.1 Overview283
8.2 Key technologies and principles of high-gravity gas-solid separation289
8.3 Performance of high-gravity gas-solid separation291
8.4 Application examples308
8.5 Prospects311
References312

Index315